, , . , - - (, , , .). , , , , , - . ( ), , , . :
1 = ¾¾. (8.1) 2 |
. , . (1890):
, .
, , :
1 = ¾¾. 2 |
. , . . - , . ., - , , . , , , . :
1 = ¾¾, (8.2) n 2 |
n - ( - ).
(8.1) (8.2) - . - .
8.2.
. - (, ) , (, ), , . . . . , ( - ) . () .
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, , , ( ) - . , , , - .
, . , , , . , , , . , , , , , .
(8.1) , , 1, - 2. 1 - , , 2 - , 0 1. , , ó , , , . , , 2, - 1, 1. , . a, , m , m 0 , :
m a = ¾¾. m 0 |
.
K < 1 . V 1 V 2 . m 0 , m 1, m .
m = m 0 - m 1,
:
m 1 m 0 - m 1 1 = ¾¾ 2 = ¾¾¾¾. V 1 V 2 |
:
m 1 V 2 = ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾. V 1 (m 0 - m 1) |
m 1,
= m 1 V 2 / V 1 (m 0 - m 1); m 1 V 2 = KV 1 (m 0 - m 1);
m1V2 = K V1m0 - KV1m1; m1V2 + KV1m1 = KV1m0;
m 1 (KV 1 + V 2) = m 0 KV 1
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KV 1 V 1 m 1 = m 0 ¾¾¾¾¾ m 1 = m 0 ¾¾¾¾¾. (8.3) KV 1 + V 2 1 + V 2 / KV 1 |
, . ( m ), m = m 0 - m 1 , m 1 :
KV 1 m = m 0 - m 0 ¾¾¾¾¾, KV 1 + V 2 |
KV 1 V 1 m 1 = m 0 (1 - ¾¾¾¾¾) m 1 = m 0 (1 - ¾¾¾¾¾). (8.4) KV 1 + V 2 1 + V 2 / KV 1 |
- m 1 = m 0 m . V 2, :
KV 1 m 2 = m 1 (1 - ¾¾¾¾¾) KV 1 + V 2 |
, , m = m 1 + m 2. m 1 (8.4) m 1 (8.3), , :
KV 1 n m = m 0 [1 - (¾¾¾¾¾) ]. KV 1 + V 2 |
, , :
KV 1 n mn = m 0 (¾¾¾¾¾) KV 1 + V 2 |
KV 1 n m ý = m 0 [1 - (¾¾¾¾¾) ]. KV 1 + V 2 |
n - .
, , , , . . , , ó , . . .
, n - , .
, , , , K ³ 1.
, ,
V 1 n m 1 = m 0 (¾¾¾¾¾), V 1 + KV 2 |
.
V 1 n m = m 0 [1 - (¾¾¾¾¾)]. V 1 + KV 2 |