. -, - , , (. 4.7).
3 . . 5 . 5 .
:
- 10 (.4.1) , , .. , ;
- , ;
|
- 12 (. 4.1), 11 , 1 . 15 ;
- 8 () , 9 , , ;
- , ( );
- ;
- 13 , hg, :
(4.9)
hg c , ; h , ; m , .
11 (.4.1) 3 , 0,02 ; 12 (.4.1), 10, , , , 8 .
, , ( ), , , . 4.8.
(. 4.8) .
. 4.8.
|
|
1. ࠠ m,
2. ⠠ Z
3. D,
4. ࠠ b,
5. ࠠ Z
6. ______________
m, Z, D Z, .4.9.
4.8
______ 5MI4
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: V = / L =. |
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( ) z = z =. |
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4.8 | ||||
( ) s = /. m × z =. |
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s = /. t = . |
|
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L = , b 1 = . |
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h = , = . |
|
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s |
|
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ࠠ :_____________
:_____________
1. . 514?
2. .
3. ?
4. .
5. ?
6. .
7. .
8. ( ).
9. .
10. ?
4.9
m =1,5 Z =68 | m =2,0 Z =50 | m =2,5 Z =40 | ||||||||
D | Z | D | Z | D | Z | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
1 | 75,0 | 48 | 28 | 148,0 | 72 | 55 | 145,0 | 56 | ||
2 | 73,5 | 47 | 29 | 144,0 | 70 | 56 | 142,5 | 55 | ||
3 | 72,0 | 46 | 30 | 142,0 | 69 | 57 | 140,0 | 54 | ||
4 | 70,5 | 45 | 31 | 140,0 | 68 | 58 | 135,0 | 52 | ||
5 | 69,0 | 44 | 32 | 136,0 | 66 | 59 | 130,0 | 50 | ||
6 | 67,5 | 43 | 33 | 134,0 | 65 | 60 | 125,0 | 48 | ||
7 | 66,0 | 42 | 34 | 132,0 | 64 | 61 | 120,0 | 46 | ||
8 | 64,5 | 41 | 35 | 128,0 | 62 | 62 | 117,5 | 45 | ||
9 | 63,0 | 40 | 36 | 126,0 | 61 | 63 | 115,0 | 44 | ||
10 | 61,5 | 39 | 37 | 124,0 | 60 | 64 | 110,0 | 42 | ||
11 | 60,0 | 38 | 38 | 122,0 | 59 | 65 | 105,0 | 40 | ||
12 | 58,5 | 37 | 39 | 120,0 | 58 | 66 | 102,5 | 39 | ||
13 | 57,0 | 36 | 40 | 118,0 | 57 | 67 | 100,0 | 38 | ||
14 | 55,5 | 35 | 41 | 116,0 | 56 | 68 | 95,0 | 36 | ||
15 | 54,0 | 34 | 42 | 114,0 | 55 | 69 | 92,5 | 35 | ||
16 | 52,5 | 33 | 43 | 112,0 | 54 | 70 | 90,0 | 34 | ||
17 | 51,0 | 32 | 44 | 110,0 | 53 | 71 | 85,0 | 32 | ||
18 | 49,5 | 31 | 45 | 108,0 | 52 | 72 | 80,0 | 30 | ||
19 | 48,0 | 30 | 46 | 106,0 | 51 | 73 | 77,5 | 29 | ||
20 | 46,5 | 29 | 47 | 104,0 | 50 | 74 | 75,0 | 28 | ||
21 | 45,0 | 28 | 48 | 102,0 | 49 | 75 | 72,5 | 27 | ||
22 | 43,5 | 27 | 49 | 100 | 48 | 76 | 70,0 | 26 | ||
23 | 42,0 | 26 | 50 | 98 | 47 | 77 | 67,5 | 25 | ||
24 | 40,5 | 25 | 51 | 96 | 46 | 78 | 65,0 | 24 | ||
25 | 39 | 24 | 52 | 94 | 45 | 79 | 62,5 | 23 | ||
26 | 37,5 | 23 | 53 | 92 | 44 | 80 | 60,0 | 22 | ||
27 | 36 | 22 | 54 | 90 | 43 | 81 | 57,5 | 21 | ||
m =3,0
z =34 | m =3,5 z =28 | m =4,0 z =25 | ||||||||
D | z | D | z | D | z | |||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
82 | 147,0 | 47 | 107 | 147,0 | 40 | 133 | 148,0 | 35 | ||
4.9 | ||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||
83 | 144,0 | 46 | 108 | 143,5 | 39 | 134 | 144,0 | 34 | ||
84 | 141,0 | 45 | 109 | 140,0 | 38 | 135 | 140,0 | 33 | ||
85 | 138,0 | 44 | 110 | 136,5 | 37 | 136 | 136,0 | 32 | ||
86 | 135,0 | 43 | 111 | 133,0 | 36 | 137 | 132,0 | 31 | ||
87 | 132,0 | 42 | 112 | 129,5 | 35 | 138 | 128,0 | 30 | ||
88 | 129,0 | 41 | 113 | 126,0 | 34 | 139 | 124,0 | 29 | ||
89 | 126,0 | 40 | 114 | 122,5 | 33 | 140 | 120,0 | 28 | ||
90 | 123,0 | 39 | 115 | 119,0 | 32 | 141 | 116,0 | 27 | ||
91 | 120,0 | 38 | 116 | 115,5 | 31 | 142 | 112,0 | 26 | ||
92 | 117,0 | 37 | 117 | 112,0 | 30 | 143 | 108,0 | 25 | ||
93 | 114,0 | 36 | 118 | 108,5 | 29 | 144 | 104,0 | 24 | ||
94 | 111,0 | 35 | 119 | 105,0 | 28 | 145 | 100,0 | 23 | ||
95 | 108,0 | 34 | 120 | 101,5 | 27 | 146 | 96,0 | 22 | ||
96 | 105,0 | 33 | 121 | 98,0 | 26 | 147 | 92,0 | 21 | ||
87 | 102,0 | 32 | 122 | 94,5 | 25 | 148 | 88,0 | 20 | ||
98 | 99,0 | 31 | 123 | 91,0 | 24 | 149 | 84,0 | 19 | ||
99 | 96,0 | 30 | 124 | 87,5 | 23 | 150 | 80,0 | 18 | ||
90 | 93,0 | 29 | 125 | 84,0 | 22 | 151 | 76,0 | 17 | ||
100 | 90,0 | 28 | 126 | 80,5 | 21 | 152 | - | - | ||
101 | 87,0 | 27 | 127 | 77,0 | 20 | 153 | - | - | ||
102 | 84,0 | 26 | 128 | 73,5 | 19 | 154 | - | - | ||
103 | 81,0 | 25 | 129 | 70 | 18 | 155 | - | - | ||
104 | 78,0 | 24 | 130 | 66,5 | 17 | 156 | - | - | ||
105 | 75,0 | 23 | 131 | - | - | 157 | - | - | ||
106 | 72,0 | 22 | 132 | - | - | 158 | - | - |
: 1 12 18 ;
-″-″-″- 13 27 22 ;
-″-″-″- 28 30 28 ;
-″-″-″- 31 42 32 ;
-″-″-″- 43 54 36 ;
-″-″-″- 55 66 40 ;
-″-″-″- 67 80 42 ;
-″-″-″- 81 93 46 ;
-″-″- 94 106 50 ;
-″-″- 107 120 34 ;
-″-″- 121 133 28 ;
-″-″- 134 140 48 ;
-″-″- 141 147 54 ;
-″-″- 148 153 56 ;
-″-″- 154 158 60 .