. 12, , , , . . , , , .
, , . , . , (Lythgoe, 1979). , . , . , , , (. 13.1). , , , . (. 13.1). (Martin, 1977), . , . . , (Demon, Warren, 1957; Munz, 1958). (Berardius bairdi) , (Eschrichtius gibbosus). , (Goldsmith, 1972).
. , , , , (Scyliorhinus) (Galago), . , (. . 12). ( ), , . , , , . . , (Squalus acanthias) 88% , , , 2,5% (Nicol, 1965). , , , -
|
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209
. 13.1. , . ( Tansley, 1965.) |
-. , - . (Lythgoe, 1979).
, , . , , , . , (Typhlotriton Proteus) , . , (Lythgoe, 1979). (Astyanax mexicanus) , . (Sadoglu, 1975) Astyanax . , . (Ophidiidae) , . (, Lucifuga subterranea Stygicola dentatus) .
. . (Megachiroptera) , (Microchiroptera), , ,
210
. , .